Linear interpolation

G0 and G1 are two fundamental G-codes in CNC programming that control the movement of the machine tool. They are comparable to basic commands that tell a driver how and where to drive.

The G0 command, also known as “rapid traverse,” is similar to a sprinter taking the fastest possible route between two points. When using G0, the machine moves at maximum speed to quickly get from one point to another. This command is typically used to position the tool to a new location without performing any material cutting.

The G1 command, on the other hand, is the “linear interpolation command.” It is akin to a precise and controlled walk where each step is carefully planned. G1 is used to cut or engrave a straight line between two points, with the movement speed controlled by the feed rate (F). The feed rate determines how fast the tool moves along the specified path. This is crucial because the feed rate affects the quality of the cut surface, the tool load, and the machining time. In a way, the feed rate is like the gas pedal of a car, determining how fast or slow it goes, thereby affecting the quality of the ride.

Together, G0 and G1 form the backbone of CNC movement commands, with each command optimized for specific tasks and outcomes.